Using the conclusion of an argument as one of its premises, leading to a logical loop with no independent justification.

Ensure your reasoning is grounded in valid premises that independently support the conclusion, avoiding tautological arguments.

Example

Statement: “I know I can achieve my goals because I’m a goal-oriented person.”

  • Explanation: This assumes that merely identifying as “goal-oriented” means one will naturally achieve goals, without citing specific habits, actions, or past accomplishments that demonstrate this quality.